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1. Production and fermentation of alcohol from palm wine
Sources of palm winethe sap for production of palm wine is mainly oil palm . different palm species are tapped for sap. all the palms are tapped mainly at the base of immature male inflorescence of mature palm tree, and they all produce to a large extent6 some kind of sap, but with varying organolo...
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2. Production of liquid and vapourised air freshener from local raw materials
Literature review2.1 conceptual reviewmajor efforts have been made to address current indoor air problems since daily societal activities are mostly performed in confined environments. consequently, people are exposed to a large variety of pollutants from chemical, biological, or physical origins (w...
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3. Extraction of oil from coconut
Literature review2.1 coconut (cocos nucifera)the coconut tree (cocos nucifera) is a member of the family arecaceae (palm family). it is the only accepted species in the genus cocos. the term coconut can refer to the entire cocnut palm, the seed or the fruit, which botanically is a drupe, not a nut....
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4. Extraction of oil from watermelon seed
Literature review2.1 conceptual reviewsilica, though having a simple formula of sio2, exists in a variety of forms in nature, leave aside synthetic forms. each form of silica exhibits different physical and also chemical properties, existing in the form of gels, crystalline and amorphous forms. it i...
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5. Extraction of silica from rice husk ash
Literature review2.1 conceptual reviewsilica, though having a simple formula of sio2, exists in a variety of forms in nature, leave aside synthetic forms. each form of silica exhibits different physical and also chemical properties, existing in the form of gels, crystalline and amorphous forms. it i...
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6. Extraction and characterization of oil from date seed
Literature review2.1 history and background of date seedphoenix dactylifera commonly known as the date palm, is a palm in the genus phoenix, extensively cultivation for fruit, its exact native distribution is known, but probably originated some where in the desert cases of northern africa, and also...
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7. Extraction and characterization of oil from cashew nut
Literature review2.1 conceptual reviewcashew (anacardium occidentale l.) trees appear more like bushes than trees because of their small stature (figure 2.1). they are evergreen trees, with an average height of not more than 30 feet. the limbs of the tree spread fast and strike the ground to re-roo...
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8. The use of local pigments and extenders for formulation & production of emulsion paint
Literature reviewhistorical review of surface coating (paint) industry.the surface coating industry is indeed an ancient one. the origin of paints dates back to prelistoric time when the early inhabitants of the earth recorded their activities in colors on the walls of their caves. these crud pain...
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9. Process and quality factors in laundry and toilet soap production
Literature reviewsoap evolved from crude mixtures of alkaline and fatty mixtures. the manufacture of soap dates back to the first century, and by the thirteeth century the soap industry had taken stand to produce sufficient quantities of soap. pompeii excavations revealed that soap factory dates...
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10. Preparation of soap using different types of oils and exploring it's properties
Literature review: oil used for soap prepared and reference analysis process followed toilet soap prepared e. e. mak-mensah et.al (2011) neem oil using neem oil apricot kernel oil and toilet soap prepared adel y. girgis et.al (1...